Prediction of musculoskeletal pain through depression and psychological capital

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
A. Bolourani
S. Ghodrati
J. Jarareh
Psychology andCounseling
10.22034/IJMPP.9.4.1114
Abstract
Aims: The relationship between chronic pain and depression has been argued in many studies. Previous documents have shown that psychological factors have a significant role in the adjustment to and coping with chronic pain. This research was done to assess whether musculoskeletal pain could predict depression and psychological capital.

Method and Materials: This descriptive study was done among 108 students of the psychology and counseling department of the West Tehran Branch of Azad University in Tehran, Iran. These students began their studies in 2018. To collect data, the eligible student completed three standard questionnaires, including Pain Intensity Assessment (VAS), McGee's Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Beck's depression questionnaire (2-BDI-II). The gathered data were entered into SPSS 24 and analyzed through descriptive and analytical tests.

Findings: The results of Pearson's correlation coefficient test and multiple regression analysis showed that there is a positive and direct relationship between depression and musculoskeletal pain (r=0.34). This means that as depression increases in students, musculoskeletal pain also increases. Moreover, there is a negative and inverse correlation between psychological capital and musculoskeletal pain in the self-efficacy subscale, with the lowest coefficient (r=-0.31), and in the resilience subscale, with the highest coefficient (r=-0.41). This means that the weaker the psychological capital, the more musculoskeletal pain. Furthermore, depression and psychological capital predict musculoskeletal pain in students.

Conclusion: This study revealed that to improve musculoskeletal pain, appropriate interventions to decrease depression and increase psychological capital should be done.

Keywords

Subjects

1- Ghanbary Sartang A, Ashnagar M, Habibi E, Rezaei N. Relationship between Anxiety and Depression with Musculoskeletal Disorders in Military Personnel. MCS. 2017; 4 (2) :95-101. URL: http://mcs.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-172-fa.html
2- Tehranizadeh M, Raiisi F. Thw relationships between Depression, Pain Self-Efficacy, Physical Disability and Chronic Pain. IJMPP. 2020; 5[3]: 373-379.

3- Zheng CJ, Van Drunen S, Egorova-Brumley N. Neural correlates of co-occurring pain and depression: an activation-likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis and systematic review. Translational Psychiatry. 2022 ;11;12(1):196.
4- Navabian Ghamsari MH, Goodarzi A, Torabi A. Prevalence of Low Back Pain and Its Association with Depression in Male and Female Employees in Iran. IJMPP.2019 ;10;4(3):234-40.
5- Bair MJ, Robinson RL, Katon W, Kroenke K. Depression and pain comorbidity: a literature review. Arch Intern Med. 2003; 10;163(20):2433-45. doi: 10.1001/archinte.163.20.2433. PMID: 14609780.
6- Roughan WH, Campos AI, García-Marín LM, Cuéllar-Partida G, Lupton MK, Hickie IB, Medland SE, Wray NR, Byrne EM, Ngo TT, Martin NG. Comorbid chronic pain and depression: shared risk factors and differential antidepressant effectiveness. Front. physiol.: 2021 ; 12;12:643609.
7- Virkkunen T, Husu P, Tokola K, Parkkari J, Kankaanpää M. Depressive symptoms are associated with decreased quality of life and work ability in currently working health care workers with recurrent low back pain .JOEM.. 2022 ; 1;64(9):782-7.

8- Song R, Song L. The relation between psychological capital and depression: a meta-analysisCurr. Psycho: 2024;43(20):18056-64.
9- Azad Manjiri, Mohammad. Nameni, Ibrahim. The moderating role of empathy in the relationship between psychological capital and depression and anxiety in nurses. JSUMS. 2017;27(3) : 463-473

10- Jafari A. Comparison of cognitive flexibility, psychological capital and pain coping strategies between responders and non-responders to home treatment with covid-19. CONS. 2019;19(73):4-35.
11- Liu X, Wang Z, Zhang C, Xu J, Shen Z, Peng L, Mi Y, Xu H. Psychological Capital and Its Factors as Mediators Between Interpersonal Sensitivity and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Undergraduates. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2024 ; 31:429-41.
12- Karimi A. A prospective study of the outcome of treatment of chronic low back pain patients with consistent and inconsistent clinical signs as defined by three screening tests (Doctoral dissertation, University of East Anglia).

13- Golparvar M, Jafari M. Prediction of psychological capital through components of spirituality among nurses. Iranian journal of psychiatric nursing. 2013 ;10;1(3):35-44.
14- Marnath GG. Psychological assessment guide for clinical psychologists, counselors, and psychiatrists. Translated by Hassan Pasha Sharifi and Mohammad Reza Nikkhah.2004:390.
15- Fata Laden, Birshak Behrouz, Atef Vahid Mohammad Kazem, Dobson Keith Stephen. Meaningful structures/schemas, emotional states and cognitive processing of emotional information: comparison of two conceptual frameworks. Indian J. Psychiatry (thought and behavior) [Internet]. 2004;11(3 ) 42 consecutive :312-326. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/16583/fa
16- Beck AT, Steer RA, Ball R, Ranieri WF. Comparison of Beck Depression Inventories-IA and-II in psychiatric outpatients. J. Pers. Assess. 1996 Dec 1;67(3):588-97.
17- Sharifi Awadi, Parviz, Ghasemi Davari, Leila. Comparison of emotional insight, self-esteem and depression in abused and non-abused girls aged 15 to 18 in Tehran in 2018-2019. (JPE), 2013; 2(7): 115-132.
18- Liu S, Zhang X, You B, Jiang G, Chen H, Jackson T. Pain Catastrophizing Dimensions Mediate the Relationship between Chronic Pain Severity and Depression. Pain Management Nursing. 2024 ;1;25(1):4-10.
19- Sánchez-Rodríguez E, Aragonès E, Jensen MP, Tomé-Pires C, Rambla C, López-Cortacans G, Miró J. The role of pain-related cognitions in the relationship between pain severity, depression, and pain interference in a sample of primary care patients with both chronic pain and depression. Pain Manag. 2020;21(10):2200-11.
20- Daliri R, Fattahi Andabil A, Dokaneifard F. Prediction of mental (psychological) pain based on psychological capital among people with grief experience because of Coronavirus: The mediating role of social support of women. AFTJ. 2022 ;20;2(Covid-19 articles collection)):229-45.
21- Liu X, Wang Z, Zhang C, Xu J, Shen Z, Peng L, Mi Y, Xu H. Psychological Capital and Its Factors as Mediators Between Interpersonal Sensitivity and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Undergraduates. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2024 ; 31:429-41.
22- Song R, Song L. The relation between psychological capital and depression: a meta-analysis. Curr. Psychol. Rev. 2024 May;43(20):18056-64.

23- Sheikhzadeh A, Wertli MM, Weiner SS, Rasmussen-Barr E, Weiser S. Do psychological factors affect outcomes in musculoskeletal shoulder disorders? A systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2021 ; 19;22(1):560.
24- Deegan O, Fullen BM, Segurado R, Doody C. The effectiveness of a combined exercise and psychological treatment programme on measures of nervous system sensitisation in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain-a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2024 ; 14;25(1):140.
25- Reis JT, Silva IG, Borges AC, Reis AP, Santos WA, Benevides KA, Abreu SA, Moreno T, Almeida JQ, Mangueira CD, Vasconcelos FH. The Relationship between Depression and Chronic Pain: A Literature Review. J. adv. med. 2024 ; 17;36(8):301-12.

26- Bérubé M, Martorella G, Côté C, Gélinas C, Feeley N, Choinière M, Parent S, Streiner DL. The effect of psychological interventions on the prevention of chronic pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin. J. Pain. 2021 ; 1;37(5):379-95.
27- de C Williams AC, Fisher E, Hearn L, Eccleston C. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults. Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2020(8).
28- Gong C, Shan H, Sun Y, Zheng J, Zhu C, Zhong W, Guo J, Chen B. Social support as a key factor in chronic pain management programs: a scoping review.. Curr. Psychol. 2024;43(31):25453-67.
29- Arango-Dávila CA, Rincón-Hoyos HG. Depressive disorder, anxiety disorder and chronic pain: multiple manifestations of a common clinical and pathophysiological core. Rev. Colomb. Psiquiatr. (Engl. Ed.) . 2018 ; ;1;47(1):46-55.
International Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain Prevention
Volume 9, Issue 4
November 2024
Pages 1114-1120